Combining mitochondrial antioxidant mitoquinone and mesenchymal stem cell therapy for amelioration of radiation-induced lung injury: Synergistic regenerative strategy

Table 5 Logistics regression analysis results of factors associated with pulmonary fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction

Factor	β	SE	Wald χ2	P value	OR	95%CI
Constant term	-4.217	1.032	16.712	< 0.001	-	-
ROS	1.548	0.482	10.324	0.001	4.7	1.85-11.95
MDA	1.372	0.441	9.684	0.002	3.94	1.65-9.41
GSH	-1.215	0.387	9.839	0.002	0.3	0.13-0.66
α-SMA	1.486	0.459	10.469	0.001	4.42	1.75-11.17
TGF-β1	1.324	0.432	9.382	0.002	3.76	1.57-9.02
Inflammation score	0.987	0.381	6.706	0.01	2.68	1.26-5.72

Pulmonary fibrosis was defined as collagen deposition area ≥ 20% (1 ≥ 20% and 0 < 20%). Mitochondrial dysfunction was defined as JC-1 red-green ratio < 0.6 or ATP < 3.5 nmol/mg protein (1 = dysfunction and 0 = normal). Independent variables included reactive oxygen species (fluorescence intensity), malondialdehyde (nmol/mg protein), glutathione (μmol/g protein), α-smooth muscle actin and transforming growth factor-β1 (gray value), and inflammation score (0-4). OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; MDA: Malondialdehyde; GSH: Glutathione; α-SMA: Α-smooth muscle actin; TGF-β1: Transforming growth factor-β1.