Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles repair of jaw osteoradionecrosis

Figure 2 Human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles promoted bone healing in rats with osteoradionecrosis of the jaw. A: Healing of tooth sockets at 7 days and 14 days post-extraction in the control, osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) and human amniotic mesenchymal stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (hAMSCs-sEVs) groups; B: Micro computed tomography examination of tooth sockets at 7 days and 14 days post-extraction in the control, ORNJ and hAMSCs-sEVs groups; C-F: Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining of tooth sockets at 7 days and 14 days post-extraction in the control, ORNJ and hAMSCs-sEVs groups. Scale bar = 100 μm or 50 μm; G-J: Representative immunohistochemical images of collagen-1, ALP, CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor in tooth sockets at 14 days post-extraction in the control, ORNJ and hAMSCs-sEVs groups. Scale bar = 100 μm or 50 μm. ORNJ: Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw; sEVs: Small extracellular vesicles.