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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Stem Cells. Oct 26, 2026; 18(10): 124640
Published online Oct 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.124640
Figure 10
Figure 10  Proposed mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in fluoxetine-resistant depression. The figure was created with BioRender.com. FRD: Fluoxetine-resistant depression; CURS: Chronic unpredictable restraint stress; CORT: Corticosterone; SPT: Sucrose preference test; FST: Forced swim test; TST: Tail suspension test; BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; TrkB: Tropomyosin receptor kinase B; TH: Tyrosine hydroxylase; GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; IL-10: Interleukin-10; Arg1: Arginase 1; TGF: Transforming growth factor; hBMSCs: Human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; Iba1: Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.


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