Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate fluoxetine-resistant depression-like behaviors in mice by multi-target effects in the hippocampus

Figure 5 Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduced the damage of hippocampal astrocytes in stressed mice. A: Representative immunofluorescence images of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the different subregions of the hippocampus; B-D: Quantification of relative fluorescence intensity of GFAP in CA1 (B), CA3 (C), and dentate gyrus (DG) (D) regions; E: Representative immunofluorescence images of S100-β in the different subregions of the hippocampus; F-H: Quantification of relative fluorescence intensity of S100-β in CA1 (F), CA3 (G), and DG (H) regions. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple-comparisons test (mean ± SEM, n = 5 per group). GFAP: Glial fibrillary acidic protein; FLX: Fluoxetine; hBMSCs: Human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; DG: Dentate gyrus.