©The Author(s) 2026.
World J Stem Cells. Jan 26, 2026; 18(1): 113614
Published online Jan 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v18.i1.113614
Published online Jan 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v18.i1.113614
Figure 1 Flowchart of the experimental procedures.
IV: Intravenous injection; hAFSC-EVs: Human amniotic fluid stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles; STZ: Streptozotocin; AEI: Arterial balloon endothelial injury; DM: Diabetes mellitus; DMA: Diabetic atherosclerosis; HFD: High-fat diet; B/S: Blood sugar; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance; HOMA-β: Homeostasis model assessment-β; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction.
- Citation: Liang CC, Lin YH, Liang CY, Ro A, Huang YH, Shaw SW. Extracellular vesicles derived from human amniotic fluid stem cells improve bladder dysfunction in rat model of diabetic atherosclerosis. World J Stem Cells 2026; 18(1): 113614
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-0210/full/v18/i1/113614.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v18.i1.113614