HOX and MEINOX in cellular plasticity, fibrosis, and cancer

Figure 4 HOX-MEINOX molecules’ involvement in cancer-related pathways. HOX (yellow boxes) and MEINOX (grey boxes), HOX associated long non-coding RNAs (orange boxes) and HOX-associated microRNAs (blue boxes) are involved in different steps in cancer-related signaling pathways, partaking in suppression or maintenance of different cancer hallmark processes. Created in BioRender. TGF: Transforming growth factor; PI3K: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; LATS1: Large tumor suppressor 1; YAP: Yes-associated protein; TAZ: Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif; IGFBP5: Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5; IGF: Insulin-like growth factor; JAK2: Janus kinase 2; SOCS2: Suppressors of cytokine signaling 2; JNK: C-Jun N-terminal kinase; NME4: Nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4; STAT: Signal transducer and activator of the transcription; MGMT: O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase; CTHRC1: Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1; MAPK: Mitogen-activated protein kinases.