Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal lactate dehydrogenase A promotes tendon-bone healing via histone lactylation-mediated cartilage regeneration

Figure 4 Lactate dehydrogenase A regulates H3K18 Lactylation and bone morphogenetic protein 7 expression in chondrocyte stem cells. A: Level of H3K18 Lactylation in chondrocyte stem cells from control, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells + short hairpin RNA lactate dehydrogenase A groups; B: Enrichment of H3K18 Lactylation at the bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) promoter was measured by a chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay; C: Promoter activity of BMP7 was analyzed by luciferase reporter gene assay; D and E: The RNA and protein level of BMP7 was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assay. ^aP < 0.05 vs control, ^bP < 0.01 vs control. LDHA: Lactate dehydrogenase A; BMSC-Exo: Exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; BMP: Bone morphogenetic protein 7.