Entering the era of living biopharmaceuticals for treating knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of autologous mesenchymal stem cells-based studies

Ref.	Country	MSC source	Control	F/U (months)	Sample size		Mean age		Mean BMI		Outcome measures
					Intervention (male)	Control (male)	Intervention	Control	Intervention	Control
Lamo-Espinosa et al[23], 2016	Spain	BM	HA	12	20 (60.00)	10 (70.00)	61.85	60.30	27.80	29.60	VAS, WOMAC, AEs
Emadedin et al[28], 2018	Iran	BM	NS	6	19 (63.20)	24 (62.50)	51.70	54.70	30.20	31.50	VAS, WOMAC, AEs
Bastos et al[37], 2020	Portugal	BM	Steroids injection	12	16 (62.50)	17 (52.90)	55.70	55.90	30.60	31.00	AEs
Freitag et al[34], 2019	Australia	AD	Placebo	12	20 (55.00)	10 (55.00)	54.65	51.50	31.60	25.20	WOMAC, AEs
Lu et al[21], 2019	China	AD	HA	12	26 (11.54)	26 (11.54)	55.00	59.64	24.27	24.26	VAS, WOMAC, AEs
Lee et al[30], 2019	South Korea	AD	NS	6	12 (25.00)	12 (25.00)	62.20	63.20	25.30	25.40	VAS, WOMAC, AEs
Lamo-Espinosa et al[24], 2020	Spain	BM	PRGF	12	24 (70.00)	26 (61.00)	56.00	54.60	27.00	25.30	VAS, WOMAC, AEs
Ho et al[22], 2022	China	BM	HA	12	10 (60.00)	10 (20.00)	56.70	59.10	25.40	26.00	VAS, WOMAC
Kim et al[31], 2022	South Korea	BM	Surgery	24	13 (15.00)	13 (38.50)	58.30	59.10	25.60	25.80	WOMAC, AEs
Kim et al[32], 2023	South Korea	AD	NS	6	125 (31.00)	127 (20.00)	63.70	63.80	25.40	25.90	VAS, WOMAC, AEs

MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; F/U: Follow up; BMI: Body mass index; BM: Bone marrow; AD: Adipose tissue; HA: Hyaluronic acid; NS: Normal saline; WOMAC: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; VAS: Visual analogue scale; AEs: Adverse events; PRGF: Plasma rich in growth factor.