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Retrospective Study
©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Stem Cells. Aug 26, 2025; 17(8): 107013
Published online Aug 26, 2025. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i8.107013
Table 1 Comparison of clinical pathological parameters between groups A and B, n (%)

Group A (n = 30)
Group B (n = 44)
t/χ2
P value
Gender--0.3130.575
    Male20 (66.67)32 (72.73)--
    Female10 (33.33)12 (27.27)--
Age (years)61.54 ± 7.3560.27 ± 7.990.6930.490
BMI (kg/m2)22.36 ± 3.1823.15 ± 2.841.1190.266
Tumor location--0.3800.537
    Upper segment5 (16.67)4 (9.09)--
    Middle segment15 (50.00)20 (45.45)--
    Lower segment10 (33.33)20 (45.45)--
Maximum tumor diameter (cm)4.61 ± 1.253.84 ± 1.192.6770.009
    T stage--11.929< 0.001
    T25 (16.67)25 (56.82)--
    T313 (43.33)12 (27.27)--
    T4a12 (40.00)7 (15.91)--
N stage--9.2070.002
    N09 (30.00)29 (65.91)--
    N111 (36.67)10 (22.73)--
    N210 (33.33)5 (11.36)--
Clinical stage--14.519< 0.001
    II5 (16.67)27 (61.36)--
    III19 (63.33)12 (27.27)--
    IVa6 (20.00)5 (11.36)--
Pathological grade--5.7220.016
    G15 (16.67)19 (43.18)--
    G212 (40.00)21 (47.73)--
    G313 (43.33)4 (9.09)--
Lymphovascular invasion--4.0120.045
    Present18 (60.00)16 (36.36)--
    Absent12 (40.00)28 (63.64)--
Neural invasion--2.5470.110
    Present12 (40.00)10 (22.73)--
    Absent18 (60.00)34 (77.27)--
Tumor infiltration depth--1.0870.297
    Submucosal10 (33.33)20 (45.45)--
    Muscular12 (40.00)16 (36.36)--
    Adventitia8 (26.67)8 (18.18)--
History of thoracic/abdominal surgery--2.2240.135
    Present10 (33.33)8 (18.18)--
    Absent20 (66.67)36 (81.82)--
Intraoperative bleeding--3.9750.046
    Present15 (50.00)12 (27.27)--
    Absent15 (50.00)32 (72.73)--
Perioperative transfusion--3.5350.060
    Present13 (43.33)10 (22.73)--
    Absent17 (56.67)34 (77.27)--
Postoperative complications--2.2240.135
    Present10 (33.33)8 (18.18)--
    Absent20 (66.67)36 (81.82)--


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