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World J Stem Cells. Dec 26, 2025; 17(12): 106128
Published online Dec 26, 2025. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i12.106128
Figure 5
Figure 5 Polymerase chain reaction gene detection of apoptosis and calcification gene expression in the indicated intervention groups. A: Osteopontin expression in the indicated intervention groups; B: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 expression in the indicated intervention groups; C: Bcl-2 expression in the indicated intervention groups; D: Caspase3 expression in the indicated intervention groups; E: BAX expression in the indicated intervention groups; F: Smad3 expression in the indicated intervention groups; G: Transforming growth factor-β expression in the indicated intervention groups. aP < 0.05, bP < 0.01. OPN: Osteopontin; BMP-2: Bone morphogenetic protein-2; TGF-β: Transforming growth factor-β; M-nHAPs: Medium concentration nanoscale hydroxyapatites; M-CNPs: Medium concentration calcifying nanoparticles.


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