Synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes delivering GRPEL1 activate PINK1-mediated mitophagy to promote cartilage repair in arthritis

Figure 10  Verification of GrpE-like 1 and phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 interaction. A: GrpE-like 1 (GRPEL1) expression levels in CHON-001 cells across experimental groups, detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; B: Protein expression levels of GRPEL1 and phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) in CHON-001 cells across experimental groups; C: Co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrating the direct molecular interaction between GRPEL1 and PINK1; D: Western blot assessment of PINK1 protein expression in shNC and shPINK1 CHON-001 cell groups. ^bP < 0.01 vs oeNC; ^dP < 0.01 vs shNC. GRPEL1: GrpE-like 1; PINK1: Phosphatase and tensin homolog-induced putative kinase 1; IP: Immunoprecipitation; IgG: Immunoglobulin G.