Synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes delivering GRPEL1 activate PINK1-mediated mitophagy to promote cartilage repair in arthritis

Figure 3 Expression levels of key genes in synovial fluid and cartilage tissue from osteoarthritis patients. A-D: Expression levels of GrpE-like 1 (A), epidermal growth factor-containing fibulin extracellular matrix protein 1 (B), serine protease inhibitor 5 (C), and Bcl2 interacting protein 3 Like (D) in synovial fluid from the normal and osteoarthritis groups, measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; E-H: Expression levels of GrpE-like 1 (E), epidermal growth factor-containing fibulin extracellular matrix protein 1 (F), serine protease inhibitor 5 (G), and Bcl2 interacting protein 3 Like (H) in cartilage tissue from the normal and osteoarthritis groups, measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. ^bP < 0.01. OA: Osteoarthritis; GRPEL1: GrpE-like 1; EFEMP1: Epidermal growth factor-containing fibulin extracellular matrix protein 1; SERPINA5: Serine protease inhibitor 5; BNIP3 L: Bcl2 interacting protein 3 like.