MicroRNA-584-5p/RUNX family transcription factor 2 axis mediates hypoxia-induced osteogenic differentiation of periosteal stem cells

Figure 1 Hypoxia stimulation promotes the osteogenic differentiation of periosteal stem cells. A: Alkaline phosphatase activity; B: Intracellular calcium ion level; C: Alizarin red S staining chelated Ca²⁺ form an orange-red complex; D: Osteogenic differentiation-related protein levels; E: MiRNA-584-5p expression in periosteal stem cells. One-way ANOVA and t tests were used to demonstrate differences between the hypoxia-induced and normal control groups. ^aP < 0.05; ^bP < 0.01. ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; RUNX2: RUNX family transcription factor 2; BMP2: Bone morphogenetic protein 2; HIF-1α: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1; miRNA: MicroRNA.