Generation of induced secretome from adipose-derived stem cells specialized for disease-specific treatment: An experimental mouse model

Figure 1 Generation of thioacetamide-induced secretome specialized for thioacetamide-induced toxic hepatic failure. A: Basic concept of induced secretome (isecretome) conditioned media-based therapy. Induced secretome conditioned media therapy utilizes the mesenchymal stem cell ability to generate disease-protecting materials for specific pathogens. After identifying disease-causing materials (TAA), mouse hepatocytes were treated with TAA, and then secretary proteins (inducers) were collected. The inducers were utilized to induce adipose-derived stem cells to release the TAA-induced secretome; B: AML12 cell proliferation assay according to TAA concentrations. No significant changes in the range of tested concentrations were found; C: Western blotting showing the expression of proliferation markers in AML12 cells according to TAA concentrations. We determined that 0.25 mmol/L TAA was an “inducer” of adipose-derived stem cells because it moderately increased proliferation marker expression without reducing proliferation; D: Western blotting to determine dilution rate of inducers that maximized the expression of markers related to liver regeneration in adipose-derived stem cells. A dilution rate of 1000-fold maximally induced marker expression. Values are presented as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ^aP < 0.05. PCNA: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen; p-ERK: Phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases; p-STAT3: Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; TAA: Thioacetamide; ASCs: Adipose-derived stem cells.