Comparison of efficacy and safety of different treatment modalities for hemorrhoids: A network meta-analysis

Figure 4 Comparison-adjusted funnel plot for publication bias. A comparison-adjusted funnel plot is shown for the recurrence outcome in the network meta-analysis. Each point represents a direct pairwise comparison, with the effect estimate plotted against its standard error. A roughly symmetrical distribution around the overall summary effect is observed, with no overt asymmetry. Egger’s test yielded a P value of 0.110, indicating no statistically significant evidence of publication bias. DCV: Direct current electrotherapy; FH: Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy; HAL: Hemorrhoidal artery ligation; HarS: Harmonic scalpel hemorrhoidectomy; IJS: Injection sclerotherapy; IRC: Infrared coagulation; LASER: Laser hemorrhoidectomy; LigaH: LigaSure™ hemorrhoidectomy; MM: Milligan–Morgan hemorrhoidectomy; MPSH: Modified Park’s submucosal hemorrhoidectomy; RBL: Rubber band ligation; SCH: Semi-closed hemorrhoidectomy; SH: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy; SLM: Suture ligation with mucopexy; TST: Tissue-selecting technique.