Comparison of efficacy and safety of different treatment modalities for hemorrhoids: A network meta-analysis

Table 2 Summary of surface under the cumulative ranking curve scores for all outcomes in the overall population

Treatment	Recurrence	Effectiveness	Satisfaction	Further treatment	Pain	Bleeding	Urinary retention	Septic complications	Anorectal stenosis	Incontinence	Constipation
MM	47.1	73.3	39.4	17.4	80.5	64.3	65.1	63.7	61.9	71.2	90.4
LigaH	19.3	98.2	39.1	4.3	82.5	60.5	75.4	62.7	48.2	70.4	64.6
FH	35.2	24.3	NA	71.8	54.2	54.7	61.6	84.9	98.6	94.6	NA
SH	63.9	60.6	66.5	39.6	59.9	60.9	56.3	71.2	52.9	68.8	47.2
MPSH	28.0	NA	NA	NA	NA	60.9	NA	NA	51.1	NA	NA
BPC	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	95.1	79.8	27.4	NA	27.6	NA
MLPPH	NA	83.9	NA	NA	NA	NA	49.2	NA	NA	NA	NA
TST	20.9	69.7	61.9	24.6	29.8	54.2	40.6	NA	20.0	51.1	11.7
EPH	NA	61.9	NA	NA	63.4	NA	37.3	NA	64.9	NA	NA
HAL	80.4	36.2	46.8	58.8	59.6	37.4	57.6	76.5	27.1	48.9	21.1
RBL	90.5	16.3	29.9	73.3	36.9	41.5	49.6	23.6	NA	45.4	NA
IJS	76.4	22.6	30.2	69.5	13.5	58.4	NA	50.8	NA	NA	NA
SLM	72.4	42.0	57.7	54.8	55.5	45.2	40.6	29.1	41.3	8.3	64.9
IRC	69.0	9.4	NA	77.3	NA	18.3	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
HarS	24.7	NA	78.5	28.7	75.9	26.6	35.6	26.8	86.6	24.9	NA
CHR	NA	30.2	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA	NA
RFC	46.6	NA	NA	NA	NA	95.1	49.4	NA	59.8	88.4	NA
DCV	12.3	61.4	NA	99.0	0.4	17.1	68.5	44.8	NA	44.5	NA
SCH	49.8	NA	NA	NA	37.8	35.9	28.6	NA	4.7	15.3	NA
LASER	63.6	60.0	NA	30.8	NA	23.8	4.8	38.5	42.7	40.5	NA

NA indicates not available because of insufficient data. BPC: Bipolar coagulation; CHR: Combined hemorrhoidal radiocoagulation; DCV: Direct current electrotherapy; EPH: Eastern rubber band ligation and coincident of dislocation for prolapse and hemorrhoid; FH: Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy; HAL: Hemorrhoidal artery ligation; HarS: Harmonic scalpel hemorrhoidectomy; IJS: Injection sclerotherapy; IRC: Infrared coagulation; LASER: Laser hemorrhoidectomy; LigaH: LigaSure™ hemorrhoidectomy; MLPPH: Modified ligation procedure for prolapsed hemorrhoids; MM: Milligan–Morgan hemorrhoidectomy; MPSH: Modified Park’s submucosal hemorrhoidectomy; RBL: Rubber band ligation; RFC: Radiofrequency coagulation; SCH: Semi-closed hemorrhoidectomy; SH: Stapled hemorrhoidopexy; SLM: Suture ligation with mucopexy; TST: Tissue-selecting technique.