Prognostic impact of neoadjuvant therapy vs upfront surgery in patients with huge hepatocellular carcinoma undergoing curative resection

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for recurrence-free survival

Variable	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Treatment group (surgery vs NT)	1.577 (0.904-2.752)	0.109	2.167 (1.208-3.888)	0.010
Age (< 60 years vs ≥ 60 years)	1.072 (0.611-1.880)	0.808
Sex (male vs female)	1.335 (0.569-3.314)	0.506
Hypertension (absence vs presence)	2.248 (1.092-4.627)	0.028	2.163 (1.047-4.471)	0.037
Diabetes (absence vs presence)	1.007 (0.362-2.799)	0.989
ASA (I vs II)	1.720 (0.898-3.292)	0.102
Hepatitis B (absence vs presence)	0.558 (0.238-1.311)	0.181
Hepatitis C (absence vs presence)	3.289 (0.454-23.827)	0.239
Hepatocirrhosis (absence vs presence)	0.442 (0.188-1.039)	0.061
Tumor number (multiple vs single)	2.157 (1.205-3.860)	0.010	2.838 (1.549-5.200)	0.001
Vascular invasion (absence vs presence)	1.434 (0.717-2.867)	0.308
PVTT		0.114
0 vs 3	2.257 (0.810-6.289)
1 vs 3	11.709 (1.258-109.010)
2 vs 3	1.148 (0.210-6.269)
HVTT (absence vs presence)	1.152 (0.491-2.703)	0.746
BCLC stage		0.581
A vs C	1.228 (0.592-2.547)
B vs C	2.844 (1.256-6.439)
HBeAg (absence vs presence)	0.648 (0.324-1.298)	0.221
AFP group (< 400 ng/mL vs ≥ 400 ng/mL)	0.633 (0.381-1.156)	0.147
Anatomical resection (no vs yes)	0.791 (0.444-1.409)	0.426
Extensive liver resection (no vs yes)	0.600 (0.334-1.078)	0.088
Surgical method (scope vs octomy)	1.382 (0.760-2.512)	0.289
Adjuvant therapy (absence vs presence)	1.891(1.084-3.299)	0.025	2.540 (1.407-4.583)	0.002

NT: Neoadjuvant therapy; ASA: American society of Aneshesiologists; PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombosis; HVTT: Hepatic vein tumor thrombus; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen; AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein.