Surgical safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus apatinib and chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer

Table 4 Postoperative complications and recovery, median (interquartile range)/n (%)

Variable	PAC group (n = 92)	PC group (n = 200)	Statistic	P value
Postoperative complication	22 (23.9)	56 (28.0)	0.538	0.463
Anastomotic leakage	1 (1.1)	0 (0.0)		0.315
Duodenal stump leakage	1 (1.1)	1 (0.5)		0.532
Pancreatic fistula	0 (0.0)	3 (1.5)		0.554
Intra-abdominal hemorrhage	5 (5.4)	7 (3.5)		0.527
Gastrointestinal bleeding	0 (0.0)	1 (0.5)		1.000
Delayed gastric emptying	0 (0.0)	5 (2.5)		0.330
Ileus	1 (1.1)	3 (1.5)		1.000
Pneumonia	11 (12.0)	29 (14.5)	0.345	0.557
Respiratory failure	1 (1.1)	1 (0.5)		0.532
Arrhythmia	2 (2.2)	6 (3.0)		1.000
Heart failure	1 (1.1)	2 (1.0)		1.000
Muscular calf vein thrombosis	3 (3.3)	7 (3.5)		1.000
Moderate anemia	2 (2.2)	5 (2.5)		1.000
Cholecystitis	0 (0.0)	1 (0.5)		1.000
Intestinal flora imbalance	2 (2.2)	3 (1.5)		0.652
Clavien-Dindo classification				0.321
Grade 0	70 (76.1)	144 (72.0)
Grade I	8 (8.7)	16 (8.0)
Grade II	5 (5.4)	26 (13.0)
Grade III	7 (7.6)	11 (5.5)
Grade IV-V	2 (2.2)	3 (1.5)
Major complications (grade ≥ III)	9 (9.8)	14 (7.0)	0.672	0.412
Postoperative hospital stays, days	9 (8-10)	9 (8-11)	-1.127	0.260
Time to first, days
Aerofluxus	3 (2-3)	3 (2-3)	-1.013	0.311
Defecation	4 (4-5)	4 (3-5)	-1.457	0.145
Enteral nutrition	3 (3-3)	3 (3-3)	-0.115	0.908
Liquid food	7 (6-7)	7 (6-8)	-0.005	0.996
Removal of nasogastric tube	6 (5-6)	6 (5-6)	-0.295	0.768
Removal of abdominal drainage tube	9 (8-9)	9 (7-9)	-1.920	0.055
Postoperative visual analog scale
Day 1	4 (4-5)	4 (4-5)	-0.428	0.669
Day 2	2 (2-3)	3 (2-3)	-1.326	0.185
Day 3	2 (2-3)	2 (2-3)	-0.285	0.776
Day 5	0 (0-1)	1 (0-1)	-1.861	0.063

PAC: Programmed cell death protein-1 inhibitors plus apatinib and chemotherapy; PC: Preoperative chemotherapy.