Small animal ex vivo machine perfusion of the liver: A comprehensive literature review

Table 5 Parameters used in small animal liver ex vivo machine perfusion studies

Ref.	HMP			SNMP			NMP
	Temperature	Flow	Pressure	Temperature	Flow	Pressure	Temperature	Flow	Pressure
Kim et al[14]	4 °C	0.5 mL/minute/g liver	11.2 ± 0.4 mmHg
Dutkowski et al[15]	3-6 °C	0.43-0.44 mL/minute/g liver	4.48-0.47 mmHg
Compagnon et al[67]	4 °C	0.1-0.4 mL/minute/g liver	PV, VC: ≤ 1 mmHg; HA: ≤ 11 mmHg				37 °C	3 mL/minute/g wet liver	NA
Lauschke et al[16]	4 °C	0.5 mL/minute/g	NA				37 °C	3 mL/g/minute	NA
Lee et al[90]	4-5 °C	0.4 mL/minute/g liver	< 3 mmHg
Tan et al[91]	6-8 °C	0.1 mL/minute/g	NA
Xu et al[92]	4 °C	0.4 mL/minute/g liver	NA				37 °C	NA	NA
Bessems et al[17]	4 °C	< 1 mL/minute/g liver	< 20 cmH2O				37.1 °C ± 0.4 °C	< 3 mL/minute/g liver	< 20 cmH2O
Dutkowski et al[18]	3-5 °C	2.75-3.25 mL/minute	4.4 ± 0.5 mmHg				37 °C	15 mL/minute	NA
Tolboom et al[19]							37.5 °C	1.8 mL/ minute/g ± 0.12 mL/ minute/g wet liver	12-15 cmH2O
Vairetti et al[20]	4 °C, 10 °C	NA	NA	20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C	NA	NA	37 °C	Initial: 1 mL/minute/g, increased to 4 mL/minute/g	NA
Manekeller et al[21]	4 °C	NA	NA				37 °C	3 mL/g/minute	NA
Stegemann et al[22]	4 °C	0.5 mL/minute/g	NA				37 °C	3 mL/g/minute	NA
Ferrigno et al[23]	4 °C or 8 °C	4 mL/minute/g	7.4 ± 0.6 mmHg (lean, 4 °C), 8.7 ± 2.1 mmHg (fat, 4 °C), 6.9 ± 0.8 mmHg (lean, 8 °C), 7.1 ± 0.9 mmHg (fat, 8 °C)	20 °C	4 mL/minute/g	7.3 ± 0.8 mmHg (lean) 7.5 ± 1.6 mmHg (fat)	37 °C	4 mL/minute/g	NA
Lüer et al[24]	4 °C	0.5 mL/minute/g	NA				37 °C	3 mL/g/minute	NA
Olschewski et al[25]	4 °C or 12 °C	1 mL/minute/g liver	NA	21 °C	1 mL/minute/g liver	NA	37 °C	3 mL/minute/g liver	NA
Minor et al[26]	4 °C	0.5 mL/minute/g	NA				37 °C	3 mL/g/minute	NA
Tolboom et al[27]				20 °C or 30 °C or 37 °C	2 mL/minute/g	10-14 cmH2O	37 °C	2 mL/minute/g	10-14 cmH2O
Giannone et al[28]	4 °C	1 mL/minute/g liver	NA
Perk et al[29]							37 °C	Pressure dependent	10-12 cmH2O
Schlegel et al[30]	4 °C	Pressure dependent	≤ 3 mmHg
Bruinsma et al[88]				Room temperature	NA	NA
Liu et al[31]				20 °C	1 mL/minute/g	NA
Carnevale et al[93]	5.0 °C ± 0.5 °C	0.23 mL/minute/g liver	40 mmH2O (25% of the NMP PV pressure)				37 °C	NA	NA
Schlegel et al[32]	4 °C	Pressure dependent	≤ 3 mmHg
Schlegel et al[33]	4 °C	PV: 1-2 mL/minte	PV: 3 mmHg				37 °C	HA: 6 mL/minute; PV: 15 mL/minute	PV: 8 mmHg
Bae et al[34]	4 °C	3.5 mL/minute/g of liver	NA				37 °C	NA	NA
Niu et al[68]							37 °C	20 mL/minute	NA
Tarantola et al[35]				20 °C	4 mL/minute/g	NA	37 °C	4 mL/minute/g	NA
Bruinsma et al[36]				21°C	8-12 mL/minute	10-15 cmH2O
Ferrigno et al[37]	10 °C	2.6 mL/minute/g	5.8 ± 0.2 mmHg	20 °C or 30 °C	2.6 mL/minute/g	4.9 ± 0.1 mmHg, 4.9 mmHg ± 0.2 mmHg	37 °C	2.6 mL/minute/g	4.2 ± 0.1 mmHg
Jia et al[38]	4 °C	1.4 mL/minute	NA
Westerkamp et al[94]	8 °C	Pressure dependent	PV: 3 mmHg; HA: 25 mmHg	20 °C	Pressure dependent	PV: 4 mmHg; HA: 40 mmHg	37 °C	Pressure dependent	PV: 11 mmHg. HA: 110 mmHg
Carbonell et al[95]				22 °C or 26 °C	3 mL/minute/g	NA	37 °C	3 mL/minute/g	NA
Op den Dries et al[75]							37 °C	PV: 22.6 ± 0.8 mL/minute; HA: 5.3 ± 0.4 mL/minute	PV: < 11 mmHg. HA: < 110 mmHg
Okamura et al[39]				20-24 °C	PV: 1 mL/g-liver/minute; HA: 0.1 mL/g-liver/minute	NA	37 °C	PV: 3 mL/g-liver/minute	NA
Berardo et al[40]				20 °C	NA	Starting: 6-7 mmHg	37 °C	NA	Starting: 6-7 mmHg
Chai et al[89]	4 °C	4 mL/minute	NA
Zeng et al[41]	0-4 °C	0.5 mL/g/minute	NA				36-37 °C	Pressure dependent	10.3 mmHg
Beal et al[42]							37 °C	1-2 mL/minute	10-16 cmH2O
Tabka et al[69]				20 °C	0.5 mL/g/minute	NA	37 °C	NA	NA
Xue et al[43]	0-4 °C	0.23 mL/minute/g	NA				36-37 °C	3 mL/minute/g	NA
He et al[78]	4 °C	1.4 mL/minute	NA
Gassner et al[70]							37 °C	1 mL/minute/g liver weight	4-9 mmHg
Zeng et al[79]	Approximately 4 °C	0.2 mL/minute/g	< 2 mmHg				36.5 °C ± 0.5 °C	2.5 mL/minute/g	NA
Jia et al[80]	4 °C	1.4 mL/minute	4.61 mmHg (mean)
Oldani et al[44]	4 °C	Pressure dependent	4 mmHg				37 °C	Pressure dependent	8 mmHg
Chin et al[45]							37 °C	Initial: 5 mL/minute, then pressure dependent	5 mmHg
Gillooly et al[46]	4-7 °C	Pressure dependent	10 mmHg				37 °C	Pressure dependent	10 mmHg
Martins et al[47]							32 °C or 37 °C	NA	NA
Scheuermann et al[48]				25 ± 0.1 °C or 30 °C	1.80 mL/minute/g liver	NA	37 °C	1.80 mL/minute/g liver. Reperfusion: 2.84 ± 0.04 mL/minute/g liver	NA
Claussen et al[71]							37 °C	PV: 1 mL/minute/g liver. HA: 0.1 mL/minute/g liver	PV: 5.65-9 mmHg. HA: 48.8-110 mmHg
Haque et al[49]							37 °C	25-30 mL/minute	< 12 mmHg
Schlegel et al[50]	10 °C	1-2 mL/minute	≤ 3 mmHg				37 °C	15-18 mL/minute	12 mmHg
Nösser et al[51]				21 °C	1 mL/g wet liver/minute	5.0 mmHg	37 °C	1 mL/g wet liver/minute	5.0 mmHg
Yamada et al[96]				20-25 °C	NA	NA	37 °C	NA	NA
Hu et al[52]	0-4 °C	0.5 mL/g/minute	NA				36.5 °C ± 0.5 °C	NA	10.3 mmHg
Von Horn and Minor[53]							35-42 °C	NA	Initial: 3 mmHg. Later: 5 mmHg
Raigani et al[54]							37 °C	NA	10-12 mmHg
Yang et al[55]							35-38 °C	2 mL/g wet liver/minute	10-12 mmH2O
Westerkamp et al[76]							37 °C	NA	PV: 11 mmHg. HA: 110 mmHg
De Vries et al[86]				21 ± 1 °C	≤ 25 mL/minute	5 mmHg
Liu et al[85]	4 °C	PV: 8 mL/minute	NA				37 °C	PV: 8 mL/minute; HA: 4 mL/minute	NA
Lin et al[56]	4 °C	< 0.15 mL/minute/g	< 3 mmHg
Rigo et al[57]							37 °C	1.1-1.3 mL/minute/g	8-10 mmHg
Xu et al[97]							37 °C	NA	NA
Carlson et al[58]							37 °C	1.8 mL/minute/g	NA
Zhou et al[81]	NA	NA	NA				NA	NA	NA
Cao et al[59]							36-38 °C	1.5 mL/minute/g wet liver	10-14 cmH2O
De Stefano et al[60]							37 °C	NA	12-16 mmHg
Sun et al[61]							NA	NA	NA
Jennings et al[62]							37 °C	1.8 mL/minute/g	NA
Wang et al[72]	4 °C	NA	NA				36.5 ± 0.5 °C	NA	NA
Asong-Fontem et al[73]	5 °C ± 3 °C	NA	NA				37 °C	NA	NA
Shi et al[77]							38 °C	PV: 5-15 mL/minute. PV and HA flow ratio 3:1	PV: 8-10 mmHg. HA: 90-100 mmHg
Von Horn et al[63]	8 °C	NA	5 mmHg				37 °C	3 mL/g minute	NA
Zhou et al[82]	NA	NA	NA				NA	NA	NA
Luo et al[83]	4 °C	1.2 mL/minute	NA				35-37 °C	2 mL/g/minute	NA
Ohara et al[64]							37 °C	PV: 1 mL/minute/g liver. HA: 0.25 mL/minute/g liver	NA
Chen et al[65]							37 °C	1 mL/minute	7-10 mmHg
Fukai et al[74]	7-10 °C	0.5 mL/minute/g liver	4-6 cmH2O				37 °C	NA	8-12 cmH2O
Hughes et al[84]							36-37.5 °C	PV: 1.2 mL/g-liver/minute; HA: 0.2 mL/g-liver/minute	NA
Bai et al[98]							NA	NA	NA
Von Horn et al[66]				Risen from 8 to 35 °C	5.5 ± 1.4 mL/g/minute or 5.2 ± 1.1 mL/g/minute	Risen from 3 mmHg to 6 mmHg	37 °C	3 mL/g/minute	NA
Li et al[87]							37 °C	Pressure dependent	< 4 mmHg

HMP: Hypothermic machine perfusion; NMP: Normothermic machine perfusion; NA: Not written or not applicable in the main article; SNMP: Subnormothermic machine perfusion; PV: Portal vein; VC: Vena cava; HA: Hepatic artery.