Small animal ex vivo machine perfusion of the liver: A comprehensive literature review

Table 1 Liver graft preparation for small animal liver ex vivo machine perfusion

Ref.	Via	Liver flush before MP
Kim et al[14]	PV	10 mL of cold UW-G solution
Dutkowski et al[15]	PV	2 mL + 3 mL + 1 mL of 4 °C UW solution (hydroxyethyl starch and glutathione free)
Compagnon et al[67]	A, PV	25 mL of ice-cold Celsior-HES solution with 500 IU of heparin
Lauschke et al[16]	PV	60 mL of HTK or Belzer MPS solutions
Lee et al[90]	NA	NA
Tan et al[91]	NA	NA
Xu et al[92]	NA	NA
Bessems et al[17]	PV	50 mL of ringer lactate
Dutkowski et al[18]	PV	2 mL + 3 mL + 1 mL of 4 °C UW solution (hydroxyethyl starch and glutathione free)
Tolboom et al[19]	PV	5 mL + 5 mL of 4 °C UW solution
Vairetti et al[20]	PV	Oxygenated KH medium
Manekeller et al[21]	PV	HTK or Belzer MPS solutions
Stegemann et al[22]	PV	20 mL of HTK or Custodiol-N solution at 4 °C
Ferrigno et al[23]	PV	Oxygenated KH medium
Lüer et al[24]	PV	20 mL of HTK solution
Olschewski et al[25]	PV	20 mL of Lifor organ preservation solution (at 4 °C, 12 °C and 21 °C)
Minor et al[26]	PV	20 mL of HTK solution
Tolboom et al[27]	PV	10 mL of saline
Giannone et al[28]	PV	20 mL of cold Celsior solution (in situ) + 30 mL of cold Celsior solution
Perk et al[29]	PV	10 mL of saline
Schlegel et al[30]	PV	6 mL of 20 °C heparinized (1 IU/mL) saline
Bruinsma et al[88]	NA	Cold UW solution
Liu et al[31]	PV	10 mL of 4 °C perfusate (control or defatting)
Carnevale et al[93]	NA	NA
Schlegel et al[32]	PV	6 mL of 20 °C heparinized (1 IU/mL) saline
Schlegel et al[33]	PV	6 mL of heparinized (1 IU/mL) saline at room temperature and UW solution at 4 °C
Bae et al[34]	PV	200 mL of 0.9% saline
Niu et al[68]	A, PV	50 mL of ice-cold ross perfusion fluid with 10 IU/mL heparin. 12 mL of cold supplemented UW solution. 20 mL of Hartmann’s solution with heparin (5 U/mL)
Tarantola et al[35]	PV	KH medium
Bruinsma et al[36]	PV	10 mL of 21 °C 3-OMG loading solution + 10 mL of 21 °C 3-OMG loading solution
Ferrigno et al[37]	PV	50 mL of modified KHB
Jia et al[38]	PV	Cooled saline containing 25 IU/mL heparin
Westerkamp et al[94]	NA	NA
Carbonell et al[95]	NA	NA
Op den Dries et al[75]	PV, HA	5 mL of 37 °C 0.9% NaCl via PV + 5 mL of 4 °C 0.9% NaCl via SIVC + 20 mL of 4 °C 0.9% NaCl via PV + 5 mL of 4 °C 0.9% NaCl via HA
Okamura et al[39]	PV	50 mL of preservation solution
Berardo et al[40]	PV	Ringer lactate
Chai et al[89]	NA	Cold UW solution until liver color changed to khaki
Zeng et al[41]	PV	20 mL of 4 °C HTK solution
Beal et al[42]	PV	60 mL of cold 0.9% saline with 1 mL heparin (100 U)
Tabka et al[69]	A, PV	15 mL of 20 °C Ringer’s lactate or Celsior or with Celsior supplemented with 10-9 M of Ang IV
Xue et al[43]	PV	20 mL of 4 °C HTK solution
He et al[78]	A	Approximately 10 mL of 0-4 °C saline
Gassner et al[70]	A, PV	20 mL of 4 °C HTK solution (with/without 12 mmol/L glycine)
Zeng et al[79]	A	2 mL of cold HTK solution with 10 IU/mL heparin
Jia et al[80]	A	Cold saline with 25 IU/mL of heparin
Oldani et al[44]	PV	20 mL of cold IGL-1 solution with 100 IU heparin
Chin et al[45]	PV	50 mL of 4 °C 0.9% NaCl
Gillooly et al[46]	PV	10 CC of cold saline with 100 IU heparin
Martins et al[47]	PV	4 °C Celsior solution
Scheuermann et al[48]	PV	40 mL of cold UW solution
Claussen et al[71]	A, PV	20 mL of 4 °C HTK solution supplemented with 12 mmol/L glycine
Haque et al[49]	PV	50 mL of ice cold Ringer’s lactate with heparin
Schlegel et al[50]	PV	10 mL of cold heparinized IGL-1 solution
Nösser et al[51]	PV	20 mL of Ringer solution
Yamada et al[96]	NA	NA
Hu et al[52]	PV	20 mL of 0-4 °C HTK solution
Von Horn and Minor[53]	PV	60 mL of HTK solution
Raigani et al[54]	PV	50 mL of ice-cold 0.9% saline
Yang et al[55]	PV	2 mL of saline
Westerkamp et al[76]	PV, HA	10 mL of 37 °C 0.9% NaCl via PV. 5 mL of 4 °C HTK solution via PV. 20 mL of 4 °C HTK solution via PV. 5 mL of 4 °C HTK solution via HA
De Vries et al[86]	NA	60 mL of ice-cold saline
Liu et al[85]	HA	Heparin saline 40 mL (50 IU/L)
Lin et al[56]	PV	NA
Rigo et al[57]	PV	10 mL of cold Celsior solution. 30 mL of cold Celsior solution. 10 mL of WEM
Xu et al[97]	NA	NA
Carlson et al[58]	PV	20 mL of NaCl saline
Zhou et al[81]	A	50 mL of 4 °C HTK solution
Cao et al[59]	PV	10 mL of UW solution
De Stefano et al[60]	PV	10 mL of saline or Celsior solution
Sun et al[61]	PV	NA
Jennings et al[62]	PV	20 mL of cold 0.9% saline
Wang et al[72]	A, PV	3 mL of cold HTK solution
Asong-Fontem et al[73]	A, PV	50 mL of preservation solution. 20 mL of preservation solution at 5 °C ± 3 °C
Shi et al[77]	PV, HA	0-4 °C heparinized saline
Von Horn et al[63]	PV	60 mL of 4 °C HTK solution
Zhou et al[82]	A	50 mL of 4 °C HTK solution
Luo et al[83]	A	40 mL of heparinized saline (50 IU/mL)
Ohara et al[64]	PV	Ringer’s solution
Chen et al[65]	PV	5 mL of 37 °C heparinized saline (2500 IU/mL)
Fukai et al[74]	A, PV	60 mL of ice-chilled saline 25 mL of ice-chilled Belzer UW or Belzer MPS solutions
Hughes et al[84]	A	80 mL of 4 °C HTK solution
Bai et al[98]	NA	NA
Von Horn et al[66]	PV	60 mL of 4 °C HTK solution
Li et al[87]	NA	NaCl solution

A: Aorta; NA: Not written or not applicable in the main article; HA: Hepatic artery; UW: University of Wisconsin; UW-G: University of Wisconsin-gluconate; HTK: Histidine Tryptophan Ketoglutarate; HES: Hydroxyethyl starch; Belzer MPS: Belzer machine perfusion solution; KH: Krebs Henseleit; KHB: Krebs Henseleit bicarbonate; 3-OMG: 3-O-methyl-D-glucose; NaCl: Sodium chloride; PV: Portal vein; SIVC: Suprahepatic inferior vena cava; Ang IV: Angiotensin IV; IGL: Institute George Lopez; WEM: William’s E Medium; MP: Machine perfusion.