Noninvasive diagnosis of colorectal adenoma: The emerging potential of blood-based biomarkers

Table 3 Potential of proteomics-based differential markers in the diagnosis of adenomas[56,57,59,99]

Ref.	Detection methods	Biomarkers	AUC	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
Jin et al[99]	PEA + ML	TGM2, MMP7, GDF15, RNASE3, REG1B	0.921
Zhang et al[56]	DIA-MS + ML	APOA4, SERPINA3, GPX3, SNCA, YKT6, RAN, ENPP2, ANTXR1, THBS4, SPP2	1.0
Hua et al[59]	DDA + DIA + MRM + ML	LRG1, C9, IGFBP2, CNDP1, ITIH3, SERPINA1, ORM1		49
Huang et al[57]	4D-DIA + CRC-EV array + ML	EVs-FIBG, EVs-PDGF-β, EVs-TGF-β	0.822 (training set); 0.767 (testing set)	68.0 (training set); 56.0 (testing set)	94.9 (training set); 89.3 (testing set)

AUC: Area under the curve; PEA: Proximity extension assay; ML: Machine learning; DIA-MS: Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry; DDA: Data-dependent acquisition; DIA: Data-independent acquisition; MRM: Multiple reaction monitoring; 4D-DIA: Four-dimensional data-independent acquisition; CRC-EV: Colorectal cancer-extracellular vesicle antibody microarray; EV: Extracellular vesicle; FIBG: Fibrinogen; PDGF: Platelet-derived growth factor; TGF: Transforming growth factor.