Twenty-year temporal trends, risk profiles, and prognostic value of clinicopathological features in gallbladder cancer following cholecystectomy

Table 1 Comparison of clinical factors among benign, precancerous, and gallbladder, cancer groups (n = 1134), n (%)

Clinical factors	Group			P value
	Benign (n = 601)	Precancer (n = 248)	GBC (n = 285)
Sex ratio (male/female)	0.89	0.85	1.08	0.337
Age (years)	56.03	57.26	69.10	0.000
BMI (kg/m2)	24.86	24.76	24.72	0.960
AST (IU/L)	36.24	33.16	33.18	0.544
ALT (U/L)	45.85	34.76	33.72	0.007
ALP (U/L)	96.60	84.68	96.52	0.035
γ-GT (IU/L)	119.10	77.12	111.29	0.050
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	176.39	177.38	164.79	0.000
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	147.67	147.98	124.08	0.010
BUN (mg/dL)	13.67	13.97	15.01	0.008
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.82	0.82	0.85	0.673
Total protein (g/dL)	6.98	6.95	6.82	0.002
Albumin (g/dL)	4.05	4.16	3.90	0.000
Amylase (U/L)	61.93	77.99	53.35	0.026
HTN	207 (34.44)	82 (33.06)	143 (50.18)	0.000
DM	116 (19.30)	41 (16.53)	64 (22.46)	0.224
Gallstone	433 (72.05)	74 (29.84)	83 (29.12)	0.000
Cholangitis	105 (17.47)	31 (12.50)	71 (24.91)	0.000

BMI: Body mass index; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; γ-GT: Gamma-glutamyl transferase; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; HTN: Hypertension; DM: Diabetes mellitus.