Effects and mechanism of Bifidobacterium on intestinal inflammation resulting from deoxycholic acid-induced M1 polarization of macrophages

Figure 1 Grouping of mice and the procedures involved. SPF: Specific pathogen free; H-V-D-S: High-fat diet with vancomycin, deoxycholic acid, and Bifidobacterium; H-V-D: High-fat diet with vancomycin and deoxycholic acid; H-V-S: High-fat diet with vancomycin and Bifidobacterium; H-V: High-fat diet with vancomycin; H-S: High-fat diet supplemented with Bifidobacterium; H: High-fat diet; N: General.