Correlation between sarcopenia and esophageal stenosis following endoscopic submucosal dissection and construction of a postoperative stenosis risk model

Table 5 Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factors for stenosis

Variables	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)
Sarcopenia	< 0.001	3.24 (2.14-4.89)	< 0.001	3.86 (1.76-8.45)
Male	< 0.001	0.39 (0.26-0.59)
Lesion length ≥ 45 mm	< 0.001	5.03 (3.33-7.62)	0.031	1.84 (1.06-3.21)
Histological classification
HGA		1.00 (reference)
ESCC	< 0.001	2.46 (1.60-3.77)
Depth
M1		1.00 (reference)
M2	0.064	1.75 (0.97-3.15)
M3	0.013	2.74 (1.23-6.10)
SM1	0.179	2.29 (0.68-7.64)
Location
Upper		1.00 (reference)
Middle	0.012	0.50 (0.29-0.86)
Lower	0.015	0.55 (0.34-0.89)
Entire	0.651	1.46 (0.28-7.61)
Procedure time ≥ 120 minutes	< 0.001	3.65 (2.29-5.83)	0.060	1.83 (0.98-3.42)
Muscular injury	< 0.001	5.00 (2.90-8.60)	< 0.001	4.47 (2.20-9.08)
Circumferential range ≥ 3/4	< 0.001	13.06 (7.93-21.51)	< 0.001	7.60 (3.96-14.59)
Lesion morphology
II a		1.00 (reference)
II b	0.287	1.39 (0.76-2.55)
II c	0.282	0.31 (0.04-2.61)
Combined	0.011	2.47 (1.23-5.00)
PNI < 50	0.049	1.48 (1.01-2.19)
Weight	0.032	0.98 (0.96-0.99)
Height	0.031	0.97 (0.95-0.99)
Hospitalization duration	0.010	1.06 (1.01-1.11)
HGB	0.045	0.99 (0.98-0.99)

OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; HGA: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; ESCC: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; Combined: Comprising two or more lesion morphologies; II a: Superficial elevated type; II b: Superficial flat type; II c: Superficial depressed type; M1: Mucosal epithelial layer; M2: Lamina propria of mucosa; M3: Muscularis mucosae; SM1: Invasion of submucosa with a distance from the mucosal layer ≤ 200 μm; PNI: Prognostic Nutritional Index; HGB: Hemoglobin concentration.