Textbook outcome as a predictor of long-term prognosis in ampullary cancer: A retrospective cohort study

Table 4 Comparison of textbook outcome between laparoscopic and open pancreaticoduodenectomy, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

Characteristics	OPD (n = 111)	LPD (n = 111)	P value
TO achievement			0.400
No	38 (34)	31 (28)
Yes	73 (66)	80 (72)
Clavien-Dindo ≥ III			0.916
No	93 (84)	95 (86)
Yes	18 (16)	16 (14)
POPF (ISGPS grade B/C)			0.721
No	96 (86)	99 (89)
Yes	15 (14)	12 (11)
PPH (ISGPS grade B/C)			> 0.9
No	105 (95)	106 (95)
Yes	6 (5.4)	5 (4.5)
BL (ISGLS grade B/C)			0.610
No	108 (97)	110 (99)
Yes	3 (2.7)	1 (0.9)
Readmission within 30 days after discharge			> 0.9
No	106 (95)	106 (95)
Yes	5 (4.5)	5 (4.5)
In-hospital or 30-day mortality			> 0.9
No	108 (97)	109 (98)
Yes	3 (2.7)	2 (1.8)
Operative time (minutes)	310 (250, 380)	330 (280, 410)	0.033a
EIBL (mL)	250 (50, 450)	100 (60, 300)	0.018a
Tumor size (cm)	2.00 (1.50, 3.00)	2.00 (1.50, 3.00)	0.511
First off-bed activity (days)	4.0 (3.0, 6.0)	3.0 (2.0, 3.0)	< 0.001a
Postoperative nasogastric tube removal (days)	4.0 (3.0, 6.0)	3.0 (2.0, 5.0)	0.008a
First oral food intake (days)	6.0 (5.0, 9.0)	5.0 (4.0, 8.0)	0.020a

^aP < 0.05.

OPD: Open pancreaticoduodenectomy; LPD: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy; POPF: Postoperative pancreatic fistula; PPH: Postoperative hemorrhage; BL: Bile leakage; EIBL: Estimated intraoperative blood loss; TO: Textbook outcome; ISGPS: International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery; ISGLS: International Study Group of Liver Surgery.