Integrating metabolomics, clinical factors, and genetic risk for colorectal cancer risk prediction: Model development and internal-external cross-validation

Figure 2 Risk stratification of incident colorectal cancer by metabolomic risk score. A: Observed colorectal cancer (CRC) event rates across metabolomic risk score (MetRS) percentiles in the overall population. Blue points indicate men and orange points indicate women; point size represents age quartiles (Q1-Q4); B: Cumulative CRC risk during follow-up across the low, middle, and high MetRS tertiles; C: Hazard ratios for the association between MetRS and incident CRC in the overall population and in subgroups defined by age, sex, and polygenic risk score tertiles. CI: Confidence interval; CRC: Colorectal cancer; HR: Hazard ratio; MetRS: Metabolomic risk score; PRS: Polygenic risk score; SD: Standard deviation.