Trans-3-indoleacrylic acid ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by modulating macrophage M1 polarization through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway

doi:10.3748/wjg.123696

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Dec 14, 2026; 32(46): 123696
Published online Dec 14, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.123696

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Figure 9 Proposed mechanism of trans-3-indoleacrylic acid-mediated protection against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Trans-3-indoleacrylic acid activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling to suppress pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization, thereby alleviating intestinal inflammation and is associated with favorable alterations in gut microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid profiles. IDA: Trans-3-indoleacrylic acid; DSS: Dextran sulfate sodium; AHR: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; ARNT: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator; SCFA: Short-chain fatty acid; AIP: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein.

Citation: Tuo JW, Wu X, Shen ZH, Wang XY. Trans-3-indoleacrylic acid ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by modulating macrophage M1 polarization through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(46): 123696
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i46/123696.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.123696

Tuo JW, Wu X, Shen ZH, Wang XY. Trans-3-indoleacrylic acid ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by modulating macrophage M1 polarization through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(46): 123696 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.123696]

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