Inflammation-lipid metabolism biomarker-based machine learning models for predicting postoperative pulmonary metastasis in colorectal cancer

Figure 7 Brier scores for the four-layer models. A: Layer 1 Brier scores (demographics); B: Layer 2 Brier scores (demographics + inflammation); C: Layer 3 Brier scores (demographics + lipid); D: Layer 4 Brier scores (all features). KNN: K-Nearest Neighbors; MLP: Multi-Layer Perceptron; GBDT: Gradient Boosting Decision Tree; RotF: Rotation Forest; RF: Random Forest; DT: Decision Tree; SVM: Support Vector Machine; LR: Logistic regression; NB: Naive Bayes; GAM: Generalized Additive Model.