Narrow-band imaging-modified Kyoto score predicts pathological upgrading after endoscopic submucosal dissection in gastric intraepithelial neoplasia

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of patients stratified by pathological upgrading status, n (%)/mean ± SD

Characteristic		Upgrading group (n = 92)	Non-upgrading group (n = 133)	χ2/t	P value
Age, years	< 40	16 (17)	27 (20)	0.323	0.851
	40-60	31 (34)	42 (32)
	> 60	45 (49)	64 (48)
Sex	Male	48 (52)	62 (47)	0.672	0.412
	Female	44 (48)	71 (53)
BMI, kg/m2	< 18	9 (10)	11 (8)	0.196	0.907
	18-24	43 (47)	65 (49)
	> 24	40 (43)	57 (43)
Helicobacter pylori status	Current	55 (60)	59 (44)	5.174	0.023
	Past/never	37 (40)	74 (56)
Lesion size	< 20 mm	33 (36)	72 (54)	7.290	0.007
	≥ 20 mm	59 (64)	61 (46)
Lesion location	Antrum	41 (45)	78 (58)	4.335	0.114
	Angle	20 (22)	22 (17)
	Body/cardia	31 (33)	33 (25)
Macroscopic type (Paris)	0-IIa (elevated)	17 (19)	45 (34)	12.336	0.002
	0-IIb; 0-(flat)	26 (28)	47 (35)
	0-IIc (depressed)	49 (53)	41 (31)
Surface redness		59 (64)	54 (41)	12.041	< 0.001
Surface nodularity		47 (51)	56 (42)	1.767	0.184
Preoperative biopsy	LGIN	61 (66)	101 (76)	2.504	0.114
	HGIN	31 (34)	32 (24)
Conventional Kyoto score		4.62 ± 0.49	3.94 ± 0.64	8.632	< 0.001
Atrophy subscore		1.55 ± 0.50	1.47 ± 0.50	1.300	0.195
IM subscore (white-light)		1.72 ± 0.45	1.38 ± 0.49	5.325	< 0.001
Diffuse redness subscore		1.50 ± 0.50	1.41 ± 0.49	1.281	0.202
Enlarged folds subscore		0.37 ± 0.49	0.28 ± 0.45	1.450	0.148
Nodularity subscore		0.32 ± 0.47	0.29 ± 0.45	1.087	0.278
NBI-modified Kyoto score		5.21 ± 0.81	3.93 ± 0.64	13.173	< 0.001
NBI-IM subscore (0-2)		1.82 ± 0.39	1.44 ± 0.50	5.989	< 0.001

The χ² statistic and t statistic were obtained from the χ² test and independent-samples t-test, respectively. BMI: Body mass index; LGIN: Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; HGIN: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia; IM: Intestinal metaplasia; NBI: Narrow-band imaging.