Efficacy and safety of neuromodulators combined with proton pump inhibitors for non-erosive reflux disease: A randomized clinical trial

doi:10.3748/wjg.122876

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Randomized Clinical Trial

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Nov 28, 2026; 32(44): 122876
Published online Nov 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.122876

Table 1 Demographic and baseline clinical characteristics, median (interquartile range)/n (%)

Characteristics	FM + LPZ group (n = 82)	P + LPZ group (n = 82)	P value
Age (years), mean (SD)	47.0 (10.8)	46.9 (12.2)	0.941
Female	37 (45.1)	35 (42.7)	0.753
Weight (kg), mean (SD)	66.1 (11.9)	63.5 (10.9)	0.141
Height (cm), mean (SD)	167.8 (8.5)	166.9 (7.0)	0.436
BMI	23.2 (21.1-24.8)	22.8 (20.7-24.6)	0.329
Education level			0.439
Junior high school or below	21 (25.6)	23 (28.0)
Senior high school	16 (19.5)	10 (12.2)
Junior college or higher	45 (54.9)	49 (59.8)
Job category			0.655
Mainly manual labor	9 (11.0)	9 (11.0)
Mainly intellectual labor	33 (40.2)	30 (36.6)
Retired	25 (30.5)	32 (39.0)
Uncertain	15 (18.3)	11 (13.4)
Smoker	14 (17.1)	11 (13.4)	0.515
Alcohol drinker	12 (14.6)	9 (10.9)	0.483
Coffee	6 (7.3)	8 (9.8)	0.576
Spicy food	22 (26.8)	21 (25.6)	0.859
Sweet food	18 (21.9)	14 (17.1)	0.431
Greasy food	16 (19.5)	10 (12.2)	0.199
GerdQ scores	12.0 (10.0-14.0)	12.0 (10.0-15.0)	0.255
GERD-HRQL scores, mean (SD)	13.2 (5.0)	13.6 (4.7)	0.596
GAD-7 scores,	3.0 (1.0-7.0)	3.0 (2.0-5.0)	0.885
PHQ-9 scores	4.0 (1.0-8.0)	4.5 (2.0-8.0)	0.788
GAD-7 ≥ 5 or PHQ-9 ≥ 5	44 (53.7)	45 (54.9)	0.875
PSQI scores, mean (SD)	7.4 (4.4)	7.8 (4.1)	0.596

BMI: Body mass index; GAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale; GerdQ: Gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire; GERD-HRQL: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Health-Related Quality of Life; PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; FM: Flupentixol-melitracen; LPZ: Lansoprazole; P + LPZ: Lansoprazole plus placebo.

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Citation: Yin KH, Wang XY, Wang XY, Cheng L, Wang B, Wang QQ, Qiao Y, Tang XR, Yan XJ, Chen SL. Efficacy and safety of neuromodulators combined with proton pump inhibitors for non-erosive reflux disease: A randomized clinical trial. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(44): 122876
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i44/122876.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.122876

Yin KH, Wang XY, Wang XY, Cheng L, Wang B, Wang QQ, Qiao Y, Tang XR, Yan XJ, Chen SL. Efficacy and safety of neuromodulators combined with proton pump inhibitors for non-erosive reflux disease: A randomized clinical trial. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(44): 122876 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.122876]

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