Combined vascular resection and reconstruction for locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A multicenter study

doi:10.3748/wjg.121637

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Nov 28, 2026; 32(44): 121637
Published online Nov 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.121637

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma stratified by vascular resection type, n (%)/median (range)

Variables	Non-VR (n = 204)	PVR (n = 51)	HAR (n = 65)	P value (PVR vs HAR)	P value (non-VR vs VR)
Age (year)	63 (34-80)	68 (31-81)	67 (35-79)	0.896	< 0.001
Body mass index (kg/m²)	21.5 (18.0-33.0)	22.1 (18.6-28.0)	22.3 (18.0-27.0)	0.397	0.141
Sex				0.728	0.158
Female	72 (35)	21 (41)	30 (46)
Male	132 (65)	30 (59)	35 (54)
Hypertension	69 (34)	21 (41)	29 (45)	0.855	0.126
Diabetes	83 (41)	25 (49)	32 (49)	1.000	0.178
CEA (ng/mL)	3 (1-135)	3 (1-42)	4 (2-80)	0.008	< 0.001
CA19-9 (U/mL)	143 (1-12000)	135 (10-27852)	150 (11-27563)	0.343	< 0.001
ASA score				0.798	0.772
1-2	140 (69)	35 (69)	42 (65)
3-4	64 (31)	16 (31)	23 (35)
Bismuth type				0.002	< 0.001
1-3	150 (74)	28 (55)	16 (25)
4	54 (26)	23 (45)	49 (75)
Preoperative biliary drainage	149 (73)	49 (96)	63 (97)	1.000	< 0.001
Preoperative portal vein embolization	15 (7.4)	3 (5.9)	5 (7.7)	1.000	1.000
Type of hepatectomy				< 0.001	< 0.001
S1234	70 (34)	11 (22)	18 (28)
S1458	3 (1.5)	1 (2.0)	1 (1.5)
S15678	71 (35)	20 (39)	12 (18)
S123458	39 (19)	7 (14)	33 (51)
S145678	7 (3.4)	12 (24)	1 (1.5)
Limited liver resection	9 (4.4)	0	0
Bile duct resection	5 (2.5)	0	0
Combined pancreatoduodenectomy	25 (12)	4 (7.8)	5 (7.7)	1.000	0.286
Longitudinal tumor invasion length (cm)	NA			0.608	NA
≤ 3	NA	21 (41)	31 (48)
> 3	NA	30 (59)	34 (52)
Pathologic nerve invasion				0.385	< 0.001
Yes	33 (16)	24 (47)	37 (57)
No	171 (84)	27 (53)	28 (43)
Pathologic vascular invasion				0.060	< 0.001
Yes	66 (32)	35 (69)	32 (49)
No	138 (68)	16 (31)	33 (51)
T stage				0.009	< 0.001
T1, T2, T3	182 (89)	14 (27)	5 (7.7)
T4	22 (11)	37 (73)	60 (92)
N stage				0.434	0.376
N0	126 (62)	26 (51)	39 (60)
N1-2	78 (38)	25 (49)	26 (40)
Distant metastasis	5 (2.5)	3 (5.9)	6 (9.2)	0.729	0.052
Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy	22 (11)	22 (43)	32 (49)	0.642	< 0.001

VR: Vascular resection; Non-VR: Non-vascular resection; PVR: Portal vein resection; HAR: Hepatic artery resection; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; S: Hepatic segment; NA: Not applicable.

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Citation: Gao X, Peng F, Su JK, Kuai YY, Chen JS, Yan XM, Liu WZ, Li DY, Peng C, He RZ, Chen YJ. Combined vascular resection and reconstruction for locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A multicenter study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(44): 121637
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i44/121637.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.121637

Gao X, Peng F, Su JK, Kuai YY, Chen JS, Yan XM, Liu WZ, Li DY, Peng C, He RZ, Chen YJ. Combined vascular resection and reconstruction for locally advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: A multicenter study. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(44): 121637 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.121637]

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