Letter to the Editor: Healthy sleep patterns and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease - insights and considerations

Figure 1 Potential pathways and future considerations linking sleep health to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Solid boxes and arrows indicate sleep-related factors, mediating indicators, liver assessment parameters, and associations reported in the original study. Dashed boxes and arrows indicate additional considerations, potential pathways, additional liver outcomes, and future research directions proposed in this commentary. HOMA-IR: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; RC: Remnant cholesterol; non-HDL-C: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-CRP: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; VCTE: Vibration-controlled transient elastography; CAP: Controlled attenuation parameter; LSM: Liver stiffness measurement.