Complete clip closure with staged triple-lumen feeding tube reduces delayed adverse events after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection

Table 4 Subgroup logistic regression analyses of the association between titanium clip closure quality and postoperative complications after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection

Stratified variable	Subgroup	N1	n2	OR (95%CI)	P value
Age (years)	> 59	85	9	0.25 (0.16-0.38)	< 0.001
	≤ 59	94	14	0.10 (0.06-0.15)	< 0.001
Gender	Male	93	15	0.21 (0.14-0.32)	< 0.001
	Female	86	8	0.06 (0.04-0.09)	< 0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	> 24	68	7	0.16 (0.09-0.26)	< 0.001
	≤ 24	111	16	0.15 (0.10-0.22)	< 0.001
Admission year	2016-2020	23	4	0.95 (0.41-2.21)	0.913
	2021-2025	156	18	0.08 (0.06-0.11)	< 0.001
Comorbidity	Without	122	18	0.16 (0.11-0.24)	< 0.001
	With	57	5	0.10 (0.06-0.18)	< 0.001
Lesion location	Non-ampullary area	156	19	0.11 (0.08-0.15)	< 0.001
	Ampullary area	23	4	0.46 (0.20-1.09)	0.077
Drainage strategy	Triple-lumen feeding tube	107	10	0.10 (0.07-0.15)	< 0.001
	Nasogastric tube	72	13	0.20 (0.12-0.31)	< 0.001

¹Total number of patients in each subgroup.

²Number of patients with postoperative complications in each subgroup.

BMI: Body mass index; OR: Odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.