Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 21, 2026; 32(43): 121090
Published online Nov 21, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.121090
Published online Nov 21, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.121090
Table 3 Subgroup χ2 analyses of the association between titanium clip closure quality and postoperative complications after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection
| Stratification variable | Subgroup | Sample Size (n) | Complete closure complication rate (%) | Incomplete closure complication rate (%) | RRR (%) | P value |
| Age (years) | > 59 | 85 | 5.6 (3/54) | 19.4 (6/31) | 71.3 | 0.067 |
| ≤ 59 | 94 | 4.8 (3/62) | 34.4 (11/32) | 86.0 | < 0.001 | |
| Gender | Male | 93 | 8.3 (5/60) | 30.3 (10/33) | 72.5 | 0.014 |
| Female | 86 | 1.8 (1/56) | 23.3 (7/30) | 92.3 | 0.002 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | > 24.0 | 87 | 5.2 (3/58) | 27.6 (8/29) | 81.3 | 0.005 |
| ≤ 24.0 | 92 | 5.2 (3/58) | 26.5 (9/34) | 80.5 | 0.008 | |
| Comorbidity | No | 122 | 6.4 (5/78) | 29.5 (13/44) | 78.3 | < 0.001 |
| Yes | 57 | 2.6 (1/38) | 21.1 (4/19) | 87.5 | 0.038 | |
| Lesion location | Non-ampullary area | 156 | 4.0 (4/101) | 27.3 (15/55) | 85.5 | < 0.001 |
| Ampullary area | 23 | 13.3 (2/15) | 25.0 (2/8) | 46.7 | 0.589 | |
| Drainage strategy | Nasogastric tube | 72 | 8.9 (4/45) | 33.3 (9/27) | 73.3 | 0.013 |
| Triple-lumen feeding tube | 107 | 2.8 (2/71) | 22.2 (8/36) | 87.3 | 0.002 | |
| Admission year | 2016-2020 | 23 | 21.4 (3/14) | 22.2 (2/9) | 3.6 | 1.000 |
| 2021-2025 | 156 | 2.9 (3/102) | 27.8 (15/54) | 89.4 | < 0.001 |
- Citation: Song Y, Wang J, Meng F, Wu Q. Complete clip closure with staged triple-lumen feeding tube reduces delayed adverse events after duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(43): 121090
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i43/121090.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.121090