Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cardia neoplasms: Efficacy and management of non-curative resection

doi:10.3748/wjg.120660

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Nov 21, 2026; 32(43): 120660
Published online Nov 21, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.120660

Table 2 Differences in pathological characteristics of cardiac mucosal lesions, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

Item	Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (n = 34)	High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (n = 40)	Intramucosal carcinoma (n = 74)	Submucosal carcinoma (n = 15)	P value
Lesion major diameter (cm)	2.5 (1.4-3.6)^a	2.9 (1.8-4.0)^a	3.2 (1.8-4.6)^a	3.0 (1.7-4.3)^a	0.021
Lesion location (%)					0.088
E/EG type	9 (26.5)	6 (15.0)	6 (8.1)	2 (13.3)
E = G type	16 (47.1)	20 (50.0)	31 (41.9)	9 (60.0)
GE/G type	9 (26.5)	14 (35.0)	37 (50.0)	4 (26.7)
Lesion depth (%)					< 0.001
M1, M2	34 (100.0)^a	34 (85.0)^a	37 (50.0)^a	0^a
M3	0^a	2 (5.0)^a	37 (50.0)^a	0^a
SM1	0^a	4 (10.0)^a	0^a	11 (73.3)^a
SM2	0^a	0	0	4 (26.7)^a
Pathological type (%)					< 0.001
Glandular epithelial	17 (50.0)^a	34 (85.0)^a	73 (98.6)^a	15 (100.0)^a
Squamous epithelial	12 (35.3)^a	6 (15.0)^a	1 (1.4)^a	0^a
Mixed glandular/squamous	5 (14.7)^a	0^a	0^a	0^a

^aP < 0.05.

E/EG type: Tumor center above the esophagogastric junction, predominantly on the esophageal side; E = G type: Tumor center precisely at the esophagogastric junction, involving both the esophagus and stomach; GE/G type: Tumor center below the esophagogastric junction, predominantly on the gastric side; M: Tumor is confined to the mucosa; SM1: Tumor invading the superficial submucosa (< 500 μm from the muscularis mucosae); SM2: Tumor invading the deep submucosa (≥ 500 μm).

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Citation: Zhu N, Chen MY, Li KQ, Li FL, Qin B, Jiang J, Wang SH, Wu J, Xi WT, Liu SY, Li YH, Zou BC. Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cardia neoplasms: Efficacy and management of non-curative resection. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(43): 120660
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i43/120660.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.120660

Zhu N, Chen MY, Li KQ, Li FL, Qin B, Jiang J, Wang SH, Wu J, Xi WT, Liu SY, Li YH, Zou BC. Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of early gastric cardia neoplasms: Efficacy and management of non-curative resection. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(43): 120660 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.120660]

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