Endoscopic ultrasound-based deep learning for predicting chemotherapy response in unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of patients stratified by RECIST version 1.1-based chemotherapy response groups

Characteristics	Non-PD	PD	P value
Age, years	59.65 ± 8.26	58.90 ± 10.09	0.626
Female	62 (41.6)	11 (26.8)	0.123
T category			0.500
T1	4 (2.7)	1 (2.4)
T2	8 (5.4)	1 (2.4)
T3	41 (27.5)	16 (39.0)
T4	96 (64.4)	23 (56.1)
N category			0.166
N0	21 (14.1)	3 (7.3)
N1	114 (76.5)	30 (73.2)
N2	10 (6.7)	7 (17.1)
N3	4 (2.7)	1 (2.4)
M category			0.588
M0	60 (40.3)	14 (34.1)
M1	89 (59.7)	27 (65.9)
Clinical stage			0.906
I	3 (2.0)	1 (2.4)
II	11 (7.4)	3 (7.3)
III	45 (30.2)	10 (24.4)
IV	90 (60.4)	27 (65.9)
CA19-9, U/mL	1908.72 ± 4357.01	1884.20 ± 4388.78	0.975
Tumor size, mm	47.59 ± 18.93	42.05 ± 17.40	0.081
Chemotherapy			0.259
mFOLFIRINOX	39 (26.2)	16 (39.0)
Gemcitabine + nab-PTX	66 (44.3)	14 (34.1)
Other regimens	44 (29.5)	11 (26.8)

Data are presented as n (%) or mean ± SD. Patients were classified into non-progressive disease (PD) and PD groups according to the RECIST version 1.1 response classification, which is distinct from the model-derived high-risk and low-risk groups used in the survival analysis (defined by the median patient-level risk score, with 95 patients in each group). The overall cohort median age (62 years, interquartile range 55–69 years) is reported before response-group stratification, whereas group-specific age is reported as mean ± SD. The P value for chemotherapy regimen distribution reflects the comparison between the non-PD and PD groups using the χ² test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; mFOLFIRINOX: Modified FOLFIRINOX; Non-PD: Disease control (complete response, partial response, or stable disease as per RECIST version 1.1); PD: Progressive disease (increase in target lesion size ≥ 20% or appearance of new lesions as per RECIST version 1.1); PTX: Paclitaxel.