Latent tuberculosis screening for inflammatory bowel disease in tuberculosis endemic region remains porous and suboptimal: A multicentre study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease patients on advanced therapy, n (%)/mean ± SD

Number of patients screened	n = 378
Age at diagnosis, years	31.2 ± 14.4
Gender
Male	215 (56.9)
Female	163 (43.1)
IBD type
CD	216 (57.1)
UC	158 (41.8)
Unclassified	4 (1.1)
Age at screening, years	36.9 ± 14.9
IBD phenotype
CD (n)	216
Ileal (L1)	28 (12.96)
Colonic (L2)	24 (11.11)
Ileocolonic (L3)	118 (54.62)
Isolated upper GI (L4)	6 (2.77)
Unknown	41 (18.98)
UC (n)	158
Proctitis (E1)	4 (2.53)
Left sided (E2)	51 (32.27)
Extensive (E3)	97 (61.39)
Unknown	5 (3.16)
Unclassified	4 (1.1)
Initial advanced therapy used
Anti TNF	309 (81.74)
Infliximab	207 (66.99)
Adalimumab	102 (33.00)
Tofacitinib	41 (10.84)
Vedolizumab	28 (7.40)
Patients exposed to sequential multiple advanced therapy	36 (9.52)
Combined immunosuppression (AZA or methotrexate)	230 (60.84)
AZA	222 (96.52)
Methotrexate	8 (3.47)
Concomitant steroids	176 (46.56)
Low dose steroids	102 (57.95)
High dose steroids	74 (42.04)
Past tuberculosis
None	334 (88.35)
Yes, < 1 year	14 (3.70)
Yes, > 1 year	30 (7.93)
History of BCG vaccination
Yes	247 (65.34)
No	22 (5.82)
Unsure	109 (28.83)

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; GI: Gastrointestinal; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; AZA: Azathioprine; BCG: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin.