Serum anti-enteric neuronal antibodies in patients with achalasia and their association with clinical profiles

Table 3 Association between clinical characteristics of achalasia and anti-enteric neuronal antibodies intensity, mean ± SD/n (%)/median interquartile range

Parameter	AENA moderate-positive (n = 37)	AENA strong-positive (n = 22)	P value
Demographic
Female	21 (56.8)	11 (50.0)	0.815
Age, year	46.6 ± 14.8	46.8 ± 13.5	0.959
Weight, kg	60.0 ± 9.9	59.1 ± 11.6	0.770
BMI, kg/m2	21.9 ± 3.0	21.0 ± 3.3	0.285
Disease duration, year	3.5 (2.0 to 5.0)	4.7 (3.0 to 6.0)	0.100
Previous intervention	7 (18.9)	2 (9.1)	0.461
Eckardt scores	6.8 ± 1.9	6.4 ± 1.6	0.395
CARS scores	4.0 (3.0 to 5.0)	5.0 (4.0 to 5.0)	0.034a
HRM parameters
IRP, mmHg	14.5 (10.2 to 19.8)	22.1 (13.5 to 29.3)	0.018a
BLESP, mmHg	29.3 (23.2 to 33.6)	32.2 (21.7 to 45.8)	0.154
DCI, mmHg/second/cm	56.0 (2.0 to 108.0)	125.0 (0.0 to 361.0)	0.223
AC subtype			0.654
Type I	19 (52.8)	9 (42.9)
Type II	17 (47.2)	12 (57.1)
Barium esophagogram
Barium width, mm	38.3 (35.0 to 45.0)	45.0 (40.0 to 51.0)	0.029a
Esophageal distortion			0.503
None	13 (39.4)	10 (47.6)
Mild	14 (42.4)	7 (33.3)
Moderate	5 (15.2)	1 (4.8)
Severe	1 (3.0)	3 (14.3)

^aP < 0.05.

Comparisons were performed using Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, or χ² test, as appropriate. AENA: Anti-enteric neuronal antibodies; BMI: Body mass index; CARS: Contents, anatomy, resistance, and stasis; HRM: High-resolution manometry; IRP: Integrated relaxation pressure; BLESP: Basal lower esophageal sphincter pressure; AC: Achalasia of cardia; DCI: Distal contractile integral.