Fistulotomy under general anesthesia in infants and toddlers: A retrospective cohort study on perioperative safety and long-term recurrence

doi:10.3748/wjg.121507

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Sep 21, 2026; 32(35): 121507
Published online Sep 21, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.121507

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of risk factors for fistula-in-ano or perianal abscess recurrence

Variable	Univariate		Multivariate
Variable	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Toddlers (vs infants)	3.905 (1.130-13.491)	0.031¹	4.808 (1.330-17.375)	0.017¹
History of incision and drainage	3.859 (0.804-18.525)	0.092
Oral antibiotics after operation	2.140 (0.442-10.359)	0.344
Topical antibiotics after operation (yes)	0.787 (0.199-3.109)	0.733
Numbers of fistula
2	8.675 (0.969-77.626)	0.053	5.390 (0.582-49.931)	0.138
≥ 3	12.176 (1.422-104.226)	0.023¹	1.900 (0.150-24.010)	0.62
Course of disease² (month)
3-6 months	0.406 (0.082-2.011)	0.269
6-36 months	0.213 (0.043-1.057)	0.059
Duration of operation (minute)	1.020 (0.937-1.110)	0.651
Direction of fistulas
L1	1.237 (0.263-5.829)	0.788
L2	0.000 (0.000-0.000)	0.998
L3	4.465 (0.948-21.026)	0.058
L4	0.000 (0.000-0.000)	0.998
L5	6.539 (1.891-22.615)	0.003¹	8.136 (1.539-43.014)	0.014¹
L6	0.000 (0.000-0.000)	0.998
L7	0.876 (0.111-6.916)	0.9
L8	5.224 (0.662-41.253)	0.117
L9	8.525 (1.080-67.305)	0.042¹	9.585 (1.049-87.581)	0.045¹
L10	0.000 (0.000-0.000)	0.998
L11	0.000 (0.000-0.000)	0.998
L12	0.000 (0.000-0.000)	0.998

¹Indicates a significant result.

²Course of disease refers to interval between the operation and the first anal fistula or perianal abscess.

CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio.

Full Size Table

Citation: Zhang XC, Ma HF, Zhou ZY, Zhang LN, Kong F, Wang YM, Song XB, Wang Y. Fistulotomy under general anesthesia in infants and toddlers: A retrospective cohort study on perioperative safety and long-term recurrence. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(35): 121507
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i35/121507.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.121507

Zhang XC, Ma HF, Zhou ZY, Zhang LN, Kong F, Wang YM, Song XB, Wang Y. Fistulotomy under general anesthesia in infants and toddlers: A retrospective cohort study on perioperative safety and long-term recurrence. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(35): 121507 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.121507]

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