Interplay between cardiometabolic risk factors in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Clinical evidence on cardiovascular disease

Table 1 Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease diagnostic criteria for adults and children

Adult criteria	Children criteria
Overweight or obesity, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and ≥ 23 kg/m2 for Asia OR WC ≥ 94 cm (M) and ≥ 80 cm (F) for Europeans OR ≥ 90 cm (M) and ≥ 80 cm (F) for South Asians and Chinese OR ≥ 85 cm (M) and ≥ 90 cm (F) for Japanese	Overweight or obesity, BMI ≥ 85th percentile for age/sex (BMI z score ≥ +1) OR WC ≥ 95th percentile OR ethnicity adjusted equivalent
Prediabetes, HbA1c: 5.7%-6.4% OR fasting plasma glucose: 100-125 mg/dL OR 2-hour plasma glucose during OGTT: 140-199 mg/dL OR T2D: HbA1c ≥ 6.5% OR fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL OR 2-hour plasma glucose during OGTT ≥ 200 mg/dL or treatment for T2D	Prediabetes, HbA1c: 5.7%-6.4% OR fasting plasma glucose: 100-125 mg/dL OR 2-hour plasma glucose during OGTT: 140-199 mg/dL OR T2D: HbA1c ≥ 6.5% OR fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL OR 2-hour plasma glucose during OGTT ≥ 200 mg/dL or treatment for T2D
Blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg OR treatment for hypertension	Blood pressure age < 13 year, BP ≥ 95th percentile OR ≥ 130/85 mmHg; age ≥ 13 years, ≥ 130/85 mmHg OR treatment for hypertension
Plasma triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL OR lipid-lowering treatment	Plasma triglycerides age < 10 years, ≥ 100 mg/dL; age ≥ 10 years, ≥ 150 mg/dL OR lipid-lowering treatment
Plasma HDL-cholesterol ≤ 40 mg/dL (M) and ≤ 50 mg/dL (F) OR lipid-lowering treatment	Plasma HDL-cholesterol ≤ 40 mg/dL OR lipid-lowering treatment

Steatotic liver disease: Hepatic steatosis determined by imaging or biopsy. Presence of at least 1 of 5 cardiometabolic criteria without other causes of steatosis. BMI: Body mass index; F: Female; M: Male; WC: Waist circumference; HbA1c: Glycated hemoglobin; OGTT: Oral glucose tolerance test; T2D: Type 2 diabetes; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; BP: Blood pressure.