Lactation stage-dependent protective effects of human milk exosomes against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury via lactoferrin/lysozyme-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways

Figure 7 Nuclear factor kappa B pathway inhibition mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of colostrum exosomes. A: Cell viability under different concentrations of PMA; B: Quantitative analysis of p-p65/t-p65 ratio after PMA stimulation at indicated time points; C: Western blot analysis of p-p65 and t-p65; D: Cell viability by CCK-8; E: Apoptosis rates by flow cytometry. ^aP < 0.05, ^bP < 0.01, ^cP < 0.001. NS: Not significant; H/R: Hypoxia/reoxygenation.