Lactation stage-dependent protective effects of human milk exosomes against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury via lactoferrin/lysozyme-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways

Figure 2 Identification of extracellular vesicles derived from breast milk at different lactation stages. A: Representative transmission electron microscopy images showing Col-Exo, Tra-Exo, and Mat-Exo (scale bar = 200 nm); B: Nanoparticle tracking analysis showed the size distribution characteristics of extracellular vesicles at different stages; C: Peak particle size; D: Particle concentration; E: Protein concentration; F: Western blot analysis of extracellular vesicle markers CD63, CD81, and tumor susceptibility gene 101. ^bP < 0.01. NS: Not significant; TSG101: Tumor susceptibility gene 101.