Urinary cell-free DNA as a noninvasive liquid biopsy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Figure 2 Hepatitis B virus transrenal DNA fragment size distributions compared to human cell-free DNA in urine and liver-derived hepatitis B virus cell-free DNA in plasma. A: Comparisons of DNA fragment sizes of transrenal DNA (hepatitis B virus DNA; orange) and urine cell-free DNA (human DNA; blue) from two hepatitis B patients, Pt 1 and Pt 2, with serum viral load undetectable at the time of specimen collection; B: Comparisons of hepatitis B virus DNA fragment sizes between matched urine (transrenal DNA) and plasma (cell-free DNA) from two hepatitis B patients, hepatitis I and hepatitis II, and two hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, HCC I and HCC II. Hepatitis II had a 6.9 Log IU/mL serum viral load at the time of specimen collection. The other three patients had undetectable viral load at the time of specimen collection. HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.