Extracts of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. thorn ameliorates ulcerative colitis through PPARγ/GPX4 pathway-mediated inhibition of enterocyte ferroptosis

Figure 7 Metabolomic profiling analysis of bile acids in mouse colon. A: Principal component analysis of all samples. Each point represents a sample, with samples from different groups labeled in different colors; B: Clustering heatmap showing the overall sample distribution; C: Comparison of taurohyodeoxycholic acid levels between different groups; D: Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis score plots of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) vs extracts from Gleditsia sinensis thorns (EGST), control vs EGST, and control vs DSS groups; E: Permutation test plots of orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis models for different groups; F: Volcano plots of differential metabolites comparing DSS vs EGST, control vs EGST, and control vs DSS groups. In the figures, 18 mice were randomly allocated to three groups: Control (A), DSS (B), and EGST-H (C).