Research progress in laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery for early gastric cancer: A narrative review

Figure 1 Classic laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery operation steps. A: Endoscopic injection of 10% glycerol into the submucosa; B: Endoscopic circumferential resection of the mucosa and submucosa, with extensive dissection of the seromuscular layer; C: Complete dissection of the remaining seromuscular layer under laparoscopy; D: Retrieval of the intact tumor tissue through a transabdominal approach, followed by closure of the incision using a laparoscopic mechanical stapler.