Preoperative immunonutrition status predicts survival after colorectal cancer resection: Nomogram based on modified systemic inflammation score

Table 5 Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses for overall survival in the training cohort, n (%)

Characteristic	Univariable					Multivariable
	n	Event number	HR	95%CI	P value	n	Event number	HR	95%CI	P value
Gender
Female	126	32				126	32
Male	167	46	1.11	0.70-1.74	0.660	167	46	0.97	0.49-1.93	0.930
Age
< 45	36	10				36	10
> 60	155	48	1.15	0.58-2.28	0.681	155	48	1.50	0.65-3.44	0.342
45-60	102	20	0.68	0.32-1.44	0.312	102	20	0.87	0.36-2.14	0.768
BMI
< 18.5	11	6				11	6
> 28	33	9	0.47	0.17-1.31	0.148	33	9	1.28	0.37-4.42	0.694
18.5-24	131	38	0.47	0.20-1.10	0.083	131	38	0.90	0.31-2.57	0.843
24-28	118	25	0.33	0.14-0.81	0.016	118	25	1.23	0.43-3.48	0.702
Smoking
No	206	57				206	57
Yes	87	21	0.81	0.49-1.34	0.420	87	21	0.85	0.36-2.03	0.718
Drink
No	249	71				249	71
Yes	44	7	0.50	0.23-1.09	0.083	44	7	0.61	0.20-1.81	0.370
T stage
T1-2	58	3				58	3
T3	213	62	6.49	2.04-20.67	0.002	213	62	2.57	0.31-21.45	0.384
T4	22	13	15.67	4.46-55.06	< 0.001	22	13	3.41	0.37-31.31	0.278
N stage
N0	176	34				176	34
N1	70	23	1.87	1.10-3.18	0.020	70	23	1.65	0.12-21.99	0.705
N2	47	21	2.92	1.70-5.04	< 0.001	47	21	2.48	0.20-30.82	0.480
Tumor stage
I	48	2				48	2
II	128	32	6.65	1.59-27.75	0.009	128	32	1.06	0.08-14.18	0.964
III	117	44	11.29	2.74-46.57	< 0.001	117	44
Differentiated degree
Well	15	2				15	2
Moderately	194	35	1.33	0.32-5.54	0.692	194	35	1.59	0.35-7.24	0.546
Poorly	54	33	6.54	1.57-27.29	0.010	54	33	5.38	1.16-25.06	0.032
Undifferentiated	30	8	2.19	0.46-10.30	0.322	30	8	2.91	0.57-14.95	0.201
Nerve invasion
No	245	53				245	53
Yes	48	25	3.23	2.00-5.20	< 0.001	48	25	2.15	1.08-4.28	0.052
Intravascular tumor emboli
No	248	58				248	58
Yes	45	20	2.29	1.38-3.81	0.001	45	20	1.16	0.57-2.39	0.684
CEA
High	103	35				103	35
Normal	190	43	0.62	0.40-0.97	0.036	190	43	1.18	0.68-2.03	0.560
CA19-9
High	29	15				29	15
Normal	264	63	0.34	0.19-0.59	< 0.001	264	63	0.39	0.19-0.80	0.010
Albumin
< 38.95	103	56				103	56
≥ 38.95	190	22	0.16	0.10-0.27	< 0.001	190	22	0.46	0.23-0.93	0.03
NLR
< 2.96	229	41				229	41
≥ 2.96	64	37	4.25	2.72-6.65	< 0.001	64	37	1.26	1.10-1.40	< 0.001
mSIS
0	155	10				155	10
1-2	138	68	9.92	5.10-19.29	< 0.001	138	68	4.06	2.10-7.85	< 0.001
PLR
< 157.70	193	34				193	34
≥ 157.70	100	44	2.91	1.86-4.55	< 0.001	100	44	1.40	0.79-2.49	0.249
LMR
< 2.88	71	36				71	36
≥ 2.88	222	42	0.30	0.19-0.47	< 0.001	222	42	1.64	0.71-3.80	0.247
SIRI
< 1.71	244	46				244	46
≥ 1.71	49	32	5.13	3.26-8.08	< 0.001	49	32	4.70	1.77-12.44	0.002

Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. For categorical variables, the first category listed was used as the reference. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio; BMI: Body mass index; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; mSIS: Modified systemic inflammation score; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; LMR: Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio; SIRI: Systemic inflammation response index.