Preoperative immunonutrition status predicts survival after colorectal cancer resection: Nomogram based on modified systemic inflammation score

doi:10.3748/wjg.119360

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Aug 14, 2026; 32(30): 119360
Published online Aug 14, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.119360

Table 2 Baseline demographic and clinicopathological characteristics stratified by serum albumin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in the training cohort, n (%)

Characteristic	Albumin			P value	NLR			P value
Characteristic	Overall (n = 293)	< 38.95 (n = 103)	≥ 38.95 (n = 190)	P value	Overall (n = 293)	< 2.96 (n = 229)	≥ 2.96 (n = 64)	P value
Gender				0.942				0.314
Female	126 (43.0)	44 (42.7)	82 (43.2)		126 (43.0)	102 (44.5)	24 (37.5)
Male	167 (57.0)	59 (57.3)	108 (56.8)		167 (57.0)	127 (55.5)	40 (62.5)
Age				0.008				0.757
< 45	36 (12.3)	8 (7.8)	28 (14.7)		36 (12.3)	27 (11.8)	9 (14.1)
> 60	155 (52.9)	67 (65.0)	88 (46.3)		155 (52.9)	120 (52.4)	35 (54.7)
45-60	102 (34.8)	28 (27.2)	74 (38.9)		102 (34.8)	82 (35.8)	20 (31.3)
BMI				0.102				0.120
< 18.5	11 (3.8)	7 (6.8)	4 (2.1)		11 (3.8)	6 (2.6)	5 (7.8)
> 28	33 (11.3)	14 (13.6)	19 (10.0)		33 (11.3)	26 (11.4)	7 (10.9)
18.5-24	131 (44.7)	47 (45.6)	84 (44.2)		131 (44.7)	99 (43.2)	32 (50.0)
24-28	118 (40.3)	35 (34.0)	83 (43.7)		118 (40.3)	98 (42.8)	20 (31.3)
Smoking				0.876				0.537
No	206 (70.3)	73 (70.9)	133 (70.0)		206 (70.3)	163 (71.2)	43 (67.2)
Yes	87 (29.7)	30 (29.1)	57 (30.0)		87 (29.7)	66 (28.8)	21 (32.8)
Drink				0.061				0.344
No	249 (85.0)	93 (90.3)	156 (82.1)		249 (85.0)	197 (86.0)	52 (81.3)
Yes	44 (15.0)	10 (9.7)	34 (17.9)		44 (15.0)	32 (14.0)	12 (18.8)
T stage				0.004				0.033
T1-2	58 (19.8)	12 (11.7)	46 (24.2)		58 (19.8)	52 (22.7)	6 (9.4)
T3	213 (72.7)	78 (75.7)	135 (71.1)		213 (72.7)	162 (70.7)	51 (79.7)
T4	22 (7.5)	13 (12.6)	9 (4.7)		22 (7.5)	15 (6.6)	7 (10.9)
N stage				0.743				0.506
N0	176 (60.1)	61 (59.2)	115 (60.5)		176 (60.1)	136 (59.4)	40 (62.5)
N1	70 (23.9)	27 (26.2)	43 (22.6)		70 (23.9)	58 (25.3)	12 (18.8)
N2	47 (16.0)	15 (14.6)	32 (16.8)		47 (16.0)	35 (15.3)	12 (18.8)
Tumor stage				0.061				0.048
I	48 (16.4)	10 (9.7)	38 (20.0)		48 (16.4)	43 (18.8)	5 (7.8)
II	128 (43.7)	51 (49.5)	77 (40.5)		128 (43.7)	93 (40.6)	35 (54.7)
III	117 (39.9)	42 (40.8)	75 (39.5)		117 (39.9)	93 (40.6)	24 (37.5)
Differentiated degree				0.248				0.707
Well	15 (5.1)	7 (6.8)	8 (4.2)		15 (5.1)	11 (4.8)	4 (6.3)
Moderately	194 (66.2)	66 (64.1)	128 (67.4)		194 (66.2)	155 (67.7)	39 (60.9)
Poorly	54 (18.4)	23 (22.3)	31 (16.3)		54 (18.4)	40 (17.5)	14 (21.9)
Undifferentiated	30 (10.2)	7 (6.8)	23 (12.1)		30 (10.2)	23 (10.0)	7 (10.9)
Nerve invasion				0.090				0.563
No	245 (83.6)	81 (78.6)	164 (86.3)		245 (83.6)	193 (84.3)	52 (81.3)
Yes	48 (16.4)	22 (21.4)	26 (13.7)		48 (16.4)	36 (15.7)	12 (18.8)
Intravascular tumor emboli				0.951				0.214
No	248 (84.6)	87 (84.5)	161 (84.7)		248 (84.6)	197 (86.0)	51 (79.7)
Yes	45 (15.4)	16 (15.5)	29 (15.3)		45 (15.4)	32 (14.0)	13 (20.3)
CEA				0.046				0.459
High	103 (35.2)	44 (42.7)	59 (31.1)		103 (35.2)	78 (34.1)	25 (39.1)
Normal	190 (64.8)	59 (57.3)	131 (68.9)		190 (64.8)	151 (65.9)	39 (60.9)
CA19-9				0.049				0.527
High	29 (9.9)	15 (14.6)	14 (7.4)		29 (9.9)	24 (10.5)	5 (7.8)
Normal	264 (90.1)	88 (85.4)	176 (92.6)		264 (90.1)	205 (89.5)	59 (92.2)

P values were calculated using Pearson’s χ² test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. BMI: Body mass index; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.

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Citation: Wang K, Zhang BX, Li KJ, Guan JM, Li BY, Hong ZH, Zeng XY, Zhao ZL, Chen Y. Preoperative immunonutrition status predicts survival after colorectal cancer resection: Nomogram based on modified systemic inflammation score. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(30): 119360
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i30/119360.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.119360

Wang K, Zhang BX, Li KJ, Guan JM, Li BY, Hong ZH, Zeng XY, Zhao ZL, Chen Y. Preoperative immunonutrition status predicts survival after colorectal cancer resection: Nomogram based on modified systemic inflammation score. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(30): 119360 [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.119360]

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