Percutaneous vs surgical management of World Health Organization cystic echinococcosis 1 and 3a liver hydatid cysts

Table 5 Clinical parameters and operation times of surgical and percutaneous groups, mean ± SD

Features	Surgical (n = 734)	Percutaneous (n = 255)	All patients	P value
Final volume of cyst (mL)	46.9 ± 38.8	63.3 ± 55.6	53.5 ± 45.9	0.025a
Final reduction rate (%)	88.9	83.1	86.6	0.005a
Follow-up imaging duration (months), median (IQR)	12.0 (3.0-60.0)	18.6 (8-60)	13.7 (3-60)	< 0.001a
Hospital stay (days)	7.3 ± 6.2	3.1 ± 2.3	6.3 ± 5.8	< 0.001a
Catheter removal time (days)	6.6 ± 5.3	5.5 ± 6.4	6.3 ± 5.6	0.014a
Operation time without complications (minutes)	81.3 ± 27.6	40.4 ± 6.2	70.6 ± 31.5	< 0.001a
Operation time in patients with complications (minutes)
Diaphragm injury (n = 6)	163.3 ± 81.4
Intestinal injury (n = 2)	187.8 ± 53.1
Liver injury (n = 12)	115.6 ± 62.1
Suturing and/or omentopexy in bile fistula	103.1 ± 35.6

^aP < 0.05.

IQR: Interquartile range.