Stemness CD24 activation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via an immune escape mechanism

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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World J Gastroenterol. Jan 21, 2026; 32(3): 113187
Published online Jan 21, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i3.113187

Table 4 Serum clusters of differentiation 24 and hepatocellular carcinoma markers in hepatocarcinogenesis (mean ± SD)

Marker	NC (n = 12)	Model rats in hepatocarcinogenesis
Marker	NC (n = 12)	Early (n = 17)	Middel (n = 15)	Late (n = 10)
CD24 (μg/L)	3.68 ± 0.63	7.28 ± 3.17^a	10.61 ± 4.52^b	14.33 ± 7.14^b
ALT (IU/L)	14.75 ± 3.02	62.19 ± 29.79^b	55.55 ± 26.80^b	46.08 ± 13.39^b
AST (IU/L)	15.88 ± 3.29	44.46 ± 9.25^c	61.99 ± 18.21^c	47.91 ± 21.22^c
CD44 (μg/L)	5.32 ± 1.66	12.36 ± 8.18^b	21.69 ± 5.38^b	28.6 ± 9.14^b
AFP (μg/L)	0.81 ± 0.16	1.25 ± 0.32	1.58 ± 0.51^a	1.96 ± 0.75^b
Wnt3a (μg/L)	0.96 ± 0.47	2.25 ± 2.24	6.28 ± 2.12^b	9.98 ± 5.62^c
GPC-3 (μg/L)	0.02 ± 0.08	1.01 ± 0.27	1.62 ± 0.42^a	5.83 ± 1.54^b

^aP < 0.05 vs the normal control (NC) group.

^bP < 0.01 vs the NC group.

^cP < 0.001 vs the NC group.

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GPC-3: Glypican-3; CD: Cluster of differentiation.

Citation: Cai Y, Liu LY, Xia XX, Tang H, Xu M, Sai WL, Yao DF, Yao M. Stemness CD24 activation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via an immune escape mechanism. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(3): 113187
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i3/113187.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v32.i3.113187

Cai Y, Liu LY, Xia XX, Tang H, Xu M, Sai WL, Yao DF, Yao M. Stemness CD24 activation promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via an immune escape mechanism. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(3): 113187 [PMID: 41640606 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i3.113187]

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