Interplay between viral infections and gut microbiota dysbiosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Figure 3 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 interacts with the gut microbiota, influencing host outcomes. A preserved balanced microbiota supports effective immune responses, infection resolution, and mild or asymptomatic disease (eubiosis). In contrast, disruption of the microbiota (dysbiosis) contributes to failed immune responses, hyperinflammation, cytokine storm, multiorgan failure, and severe disease or death. SARS-CoV-2: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; FMT: Fecal microbiota transplantation.